Biomedical Engineering is the application of
engineering principles and rules in the field of medical science for
diagnostic, therapeutic reasons and for rehabilitation. As the approach
of science is to
make
a better quality of human life and medical science human can not
progress, many decades ago, a doctor thought after watching a big
roomful desktop that, if this machine can be used for our analysis
purpose, we can progress faster towards killing the diseases. This is
how the
basic
concept Biomedical Engineering took birth. Today, due to complexity of
the subjects, Biomedical Engineering has been divided and subdivided in
to various streams, most of higher streams needs post doctoral degree,
the crude usage of Biomedical Engineering, like producing a hip joint
replacement has been pushed towards Instrumental Engineering as we need
mass production. Division of Biomedical Engineering, which are
associated with mass production of medical devices, like a Pacemaker or a
insulin pump, will not be discussed here. These part of
Biomedical Engineering is rather crude as they have no connection with the latest hypothesis, research works.
Preface for Biomedical Engineering and Scope of AI
Devices produced by Biomedical Engineering for mass usages,
those are prosthesis, mainly used by surgical sciences. There are
specific Laws (for US and India, I am not aware of other countries)
Medical devices are regulated and usually classified in to categories.
First category are nothing but those has very elementary function in
human body, if
properly not supervised, can be devil - a bandage can be evil if not sterilized
properly .
Second category is the already approved complicated devices produced
for the mass through Biomedical Engineering those includes no-logical
devices like a prosthesis for Total Hip Replacement and devices with
Fuzzy Logic
like a Pacemaker. The usual laws employs Quality Control and proper
usage by various methods, for some device implantation, a certified
person of the manufacturer company must have to be present physically.
The reason is quite obvious, the device might not work properly due to
manufacturing defect or might get damaged while in transport.
These are the grocery shop like part of Biomedical Engineering. We basically primed the reader about what is actually done.
Now, the third category has devices that needs a premarket
notification or needs more paperworks. This includes the rest which has
not sufficient meta analysis data for safety. Let us come to the
Artificial Intelligence part.
Employing AI, a significant progress can be done (in fact is done)
particularly for total limb prosthesis, wheel chairs etc. And our
"dangerous" thought of
mind uploading is also in the list.
Deploying AI in Biomedical Engineering
I know how actually your index finger moves. But for creating an
prosthesis, which will seamlessly work more better than now, needs the
knowledge of Mechanical Engineering and most importantly, someone need
to code in UNIX to run them, this why Medical computer science took
birth separately from Biomedical Engineering.
If the doctor has no idea about these higher knowledge of Biomedical
Engineering, computer sciences, the companies will manufacture fake
products and push them. The ultimate goal of these companies involved
with Biomedical Engineering is to make huge profit. This is marketing
part.
The reason to create the branch of Medical computer science is to
create some employees who will understand some part of Medical Science.
The inventor, frankly the doctor needs no degree, Sir Isaac Newton had
no specialty on optics.
Adding
AI in Biomedical Engineering does not mean that instantly it will
create an artificial limb which will work to defend oneself by hitting,
when the person having the implant is sleeping. We will rather try to
make the existing simple hip joint prosthesis a bit intelligent - most
of these implants gets
under
attack by the body's defending cells as they are not of our body parts -
you must have heard of transplant rejection. One of my currently
attached project is to create small mini-scale robots which will create
friendship with the cells of our body !
It seems very difficult, but actually it has an gap of knowledge
thats creating a big problem. I mentioned mind uploading for this
reason. The patient consciously know that his implant is for good. His
brain has the record. There is an communication gap as these protective
cells are primitive, like amoeba. But they work following ant colony
theory. Like Dr. Ray rightly said, they must have some fuzzy logic of
their own, which we do not know still.
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